SYNCHRONIZED HISTORY. IRL-SPN
-15.000 bC
Magdalenian Man
The cave paintings of the Altamira Caves (Cantabria) belong to the so-called Magdalenian man
-5.000 bC
First Iberian settlers
The first settlers of the Peninsula received the name of Iberians by the Greeks, it is believed that they settled between 5,000 and 3,000 BC. About 500 BC his sculptures began to stand out
-4.200 bC
Big Megalithics contructions
Around this era appear the first big megalithics constructions in Ireland
-3.300 bC
Newgrange Burial
Is estimated that aroun 3.300 bC was built the Burial Mound of Newgrange
-3.200 bC
Los Millares “city”, first big settlement in Iberia
The settlement and the necropolis of los Millares could be the biggest “city” in the iberian peninsula
-2.700 bC
Giants Ring Henge
Its supposed that around these years was built the Monument of the Giants Ring Henge in Ireland
-2.500 bC
First Bronze tools
Estimated first ellaborations of bronze tools
-1.200 bC
Arrival of Milesians in Ireland
According to the legend about the Iberians Milesios or Milesians, descendants of King Mile of Espáin, they would arrive in Ireland around 1,200 BC, coming from Galicia
-900 bC
Arrival of the first Celts to the Peninsula
Arrival of the first Celts to the Peninsula, coming from the center of Europe
-500 bC
Arrival Celts to Ireland
Arrival of first Celts Tribes to Ireland
-450 bC
Cultural Iberians sculptures
Around V Century bC appears the first iberians sculptures
-139 BC
Viriato Lusitan hero
Viriato, the so-called “terror of Rome”, dies, a Lusitanian leader who faced the expansion of Rome in Hispania in the middle of the second century BC
53 AD
Trajan Emperor
First Hispanic Roman Emperor Trajan born
76 AD
Adrian Emperor
Is born in Hispania Adrian the second Roman hispanic Emperor
117 AD
Hércules Tower
Segovia Aqueduct and The Hercules Tower (Coruña) are built (around that year)
200 AD
Tara Kingdom
The High Kingdom of Tara begins
209
Hispania Roman Province
Hispania becomes a Roman Province
380
Christianity religion
Christianity begins to be the Religion of the State.
390
First monasteries
First notices of Hispanic moansteries. Toledo Council I.
405
Saint Patrick´s Kidnapping
At the age of 16 Saint Patrick is Kidnapped and sold as a slave in Northern Ireland.
411
Germanic people´s Arrival
German People stablish in the Iberian Peninsula
438
Shamrock
Saint Patrick uses the Shamrock for the first time to explain the Holy Trinity.
461
March 17th Saint Patrick
Saint Patrick, Patron of Ireland, dies on March 17.
490
Visigoths in Hispania
The Germanic Visigoths arrive in mass into the peninsula.
500
Alembic Perfume
Around this time, Irish Monks bring a Alembic form the middle east to make perfume.
563
St Colum Cille on Iona Island
Irish Monk Columba (Colum Cille) settles on the Scottish island of Iona.
565
St Colum Cille Loch Ness
On August 22, Saint Columba claims to have seen a monster in Loch Ness.
565
Justinian´s Death
The emperor Justinian I died, what encoureged the visigoths.
568
Visigoths in Iberia
Visigoths begin the conquest of Iberia.
573
Capital Toledo
Toledo becomes the capital of the kingdom.
25
Latin Books
Books are written in Latin.
1916
Cerro de los Angeles
The Cerro de los Angeles, the monument of the sacred heart, is erected in the geographical center of Spain.
580
Conversion to Catholicism
The visigoth King Recared converts to Catholicism.
697
Visigoths conquer Galicia
Visigoth King Witiza conquered Galicia to the sueves.
697
Tara´s Assembly
Assembly on Hill of Tara to prevent Irish Women from participating in battle.
711
Muslim Invasion
Muslim Invasion of the Iberian Peninsula.
711
Defeated Britons
The Britons are defeated by the Gaelic Kingdom Dalriada.
722
Covadonga Battle
Beginning of the Christian reconquest. Battle of Covadonga (Asturias).
722
Famine
Intense Famine and Plague in Ireland.
795
Alphons II defeats the muslims
King Alphons II (the chaste) of Asturias bit the muslims in Astorga. Is the first pilgrim to Santiago de Compostela (The Way)
795
Vikings in Ireland
Vikings begins the invasion of Ireland.
797
Toledean Night
“Toledean night” The Emir Alhaken I kills 400 noble of Toledo.
797
Book of Kells
The “Book of Kells” a graphic manuscript of the 4 Gospels is written.
844
Vikings north of the Peninsula
First Landing of the Vikings in the North of the peninsula, defeated by Ramiro I of Asturias.
852
Battle of Alberda
Battle of Clavijo or of Alberda, Ramiro I defeated the muslims.
852
Viking in Dublin
Vikings led by Olaf “The White” land in Dublin and destroy the city.
878
Battle of Polvorosa
Polvorosa´s Battle (Benavente), the christian King Alfonso III against the muslims.
878
Monks move relics
Irish Monks move the relics of Saint Columba from the Isle of Iona to Kells (Ireland)
939
Battle of Simancas
Battle of Simancas (Valladolid). Ramiro II de León defeated a 100.000 muslim army.
976
The Great Mosque of Cordoba
The Great Mosque of Cordoba is finished and serves as a religious and cultural center.
976
Brian Boru
Brian Boru is elected as King of Munster.
980
Fuenterrabia´s Castle
King Sancho II orders the construction of Fuenterrabia´s Castle in Guipuzcoa (Basque Country).
980
Battle of Tara
Battle of Tara, the king of Meath defeats the Vikings.
1000
11th Century
Starts the 11 Century known as the Crusades Century.
1002
Caliphate summit
Summit of the Cordoba´s Caliphate in the south of the Iberian Peninsula.
1002
King Brian Boru
Brian Boru King of all Ireland.
1014
Normans in Galicia
Normans attack Galicia.
1014
Battle of Clontarf
Battle of Clontarf: The Irish defeat the Vikings.
1037
Castile and Leon
The Union of the Leon and Castile Kingdoms
1037
Irish Language
People in Ireland start to speak a late Irish
1094
El Cid in Valencia
El Cid conquers Valencia from the muslims (Almoravids)
1100
Bushmills´s whiskey
The Bushmills distillery in northern Ireland begins producing Whiskey.
1118
Conquest of Zaragoza
The king of Aragon, Alfonso “The Battler”, conquers Zaragoza from the muslims.
1169
Alfonso VIII King
Alfonso VIII is crowned King of Castile
1169
Norman Invasion
Norman Invasion of Ireland.
1171
Conquest of Teruel
Conquest and foundation of Teruel.
1171
Henry II in Ireland
Henry II King of England lands in Ireland.
1212
Battle of Navas de Tolosa
Battle of Navas de tolosa marks the end of muslim power in Spain.
1217
Angle-Normands
Henry the III of England publishes the Magnae Hibernae to ensure the rights of angle-normands in Ireland.
1218
University of Salamanca
The University of Salamanca is founded by King Alfonso IX.
1221
King Alfonso X Born
King Alfonso X “The wise”, King of Castile and Leon (1252-1284) is born. Begins the Construction of the Burgos Cathedral, first Gothic cathedral in Spain.
1492
America´s Discovery
America is discovered by the Kingdom of Spain.
1492
Attempt to ban the Irish language
The English try to ban the use of the Irish language, but due to its extension is canceled
1492
The End of the Reconquest
The Reconquest Ends with the capture of Granada
1494
Tordesillas Treaty
Tordesillas (Valladolid) Treaty: Distribution of the areas of America between Spain and Portugal.
1494
Irish Parlament Abolition
The Irish Parlament of Drogheda is abolished and its authority returns to Westminster.
1512
Spanish Union
Navarra becomes a part of Spain. All the Kingdom united.
1514
Multilingual Bible
The First Multilingual Bible is published in Spain by Cisneros Cardinal
1522
First Travel around the world
Elcano arrives in Spain after completing the first round the world voyage
1526
Indigenous Rights
The Dominican Francisco de Vitoria publishes in Valladolid and Salamanca the Right of Indians (and the Human Rights).
1527
Felipe II
Felipe II was born in Valladolid.
1527
Earl of Kildare sent to Prison
The Earl of Kildare is sent to the Tower of London prison on charges of treason.
1537
Marine Infantry is created
King Carlos I creates the Spanish Marine Infantry, the first landing force in the world.
1537
Henry VIII King of England
Henry VIII Protestant King, and contempt for catholics.
1541
Henry VIII King of England and Ireland
Henry VIII declares himself king of England and Ireland.
1553
Scientist Miguel Servet Burned
The Spanish scientist Miguel Servet (discoverer of blood circulation) is burned in Switzerland instigated by the protestant Calvin
1554
Prince Felipe marries Mary I
Prince Felipe (Felipe II) gets married with his cousin Mary I of England.
1555
Rome and Ireland
A papal bull reconciles Rome with Ireland.
1556
Reign of Felipe II
The reign of Felipe II begins
1571
Battle of Lepanto
Spain defeats Turkey in the battle of Lepanto
1571
First book in Irish
First Irish language (gaelic) Book printed in Dublin.
1575
Cervantes taken Prisoner
Miguel de Cervantes is taken prisoner by the berbers
1579
Munter´s uprising
Irish uprising against the English. Spanish troops land in Munster to support them.
1580
Spain, leading world power
Spain becomes the greatest power of the world with Felipe II
1580
Scorched Earth
The Irish Earl of Ormond institutes the “scorched earth” policy in Munster.
1580
Independence of the North of Flanders
The North of Flanders (Protestant) of William of Orange becomes independent from Spain.
1580
600 Soldiers of Rome
The 600 soldiers sent by Rome are massacred by the English forces of Walter Raleigh.
1587
Francis Drake sacks Cadiz
The pirate Francis Drake sacks Cadiz (south of Spain) and destroys part of the Spanish Armada
1587
Mary I of Scotland
The catholic Mary I is executed in England by Elizabeth I
1588
The Grand Armada sets sail
The Grand Armada leaves Lisbon on May 20 bound for England.
1588
The Grand Armada suffers storms
The Sapnish Navy in aid of the Irish is shipwrecked by storms on the ulster coast.
1588
Survivor Francisco de Cuellar
Captain Francisco de Cuéllar of the Great Navy is saved from drowning on the Irish coast of Sligo, where more than 1,000 Spanish soldiers drowned. De Cuellar begins to walk through Ireland and writes his famous letter to Felipe II
1590
First Irish College in Valladolid
The first Irish College in Spain is founded.
1590
First Potato in Ireland
The first potato is planted in Ireland by Sir Walter Raleigh.
1591
Bull running San Fermín
First Bull running in Pamplona.
1591
Red Hugh escapes from Dublin castle
Irish count Red Hugh O´Donell escapes from Dublin Catle Prison.
1592
Trinity College
Trinity College is founded in Dublin.
1596
The Second Armada
A Spanish Fleet departs from Lisbon to Ireland.
1598
Felipe II dies
Felipe II dies at the age of 71, is succeded by his 20 year old son Felipe III.
1598
Irish win in Yellow Ford
The Irish led by Hugh O´neill defeated the British in the battle of Yellow Ford.
1601
Valladolid the Capital
The Capital of Spain is moved to Valladolid, until 1606.
1602
Juan de Aguila Surrenders
Juan de Aguila surrenders in Kinsale to British troops.
1601
Kinsale Battle
Battle of Kinsale with Irish and Spanish against the English.
1602
Red Hugh O´Donnell Dies
Red Hugh O´Donell Dies in Simancas (Valladolid).
1603
Guy Fawkes in Valladolid
The English Catholic comes to Valladolid to request help from Felipe III against the Protestant English repression. His image is what inspires the Vendetta mask
1603
Elisabeth I Dies
Elisabeth I of England Dies.
1603
Battle of Mellyfont
The English commanded by Lord Mountjoy defeat the Irish.
1604
Peace between Spain and England
The Peace of London is signed between James I of England and Felipe II of Spain.
1605
Felipe IV
Felipe IV is Born in Valladolid
1605
Priests outlawed in Ireland
Jesuits and other Catholic priests are outlawed in Ireland.
1607
University of Oviedo and Pamplona
The Universities of Oviedo and Pamplona are founded.
1607
Flight of the Earls
The leaders of the main irish tribes head to Spain and Italy seeking aid.
1608
Bushmills´s Whiskey
Bushmills begins distilling its famous Whiskey.
1609
Expulsion of the Moors
Felipe III orders the expulsion of the Moors from Spain.
1609
Plantation
English Protestants settle in Ireland.
1610
Plantation in Derry
English Protestants Settlers Plantation begins in Derry, renamed Londonderry
1616
Netherlands Fidelity and the Death of Cervantes
Netherlands swers fidelity to Spain. Miguel de Cervantes, the greatest spanish universal writer, dies at 69.
1625
Capture of Breda
Capture of Breda (Netherlands) by the Spanish Tercios de Espínola (Picture of the spears)
1625
King Charles I
Charles I is crowned King of England, Ireland and Scotland until his beheading.
1641
Catalan Republic
The Catalan Republic is declared to be placed under the Protectorate of France.
1641
Uprising of the Tribes
Uprising of the Irish Clans. Thousands of English and Scots are Killed.
1641
Catholic Rebellion Defeated
The Catholic rebellion is crushed by Oliver Cromwell, who takes away the land of 44000 irish people.
1648
Netherlands Independence
Spain recognizes the independence of the Netherlands.
1649
Plague in Seville
Plague epidemic in Seville
1649
Uprising defeated
Cromwell ends Irish Uprising.
1649
Drogheda Destroyed
Cromwell devastates Drogheda killing 3.000 inhabitants and destroying Catholic churches.
1651
Limerick ocupation
English troops occupy Limerick.
1652
Barcelona Surrenders
Capitulation of Barcelona. End of els Segadors war.
1653
Cromwell
Cromwell gains dictatorial powers as “Lord protector” of England, Ireland and Scotland.
1666
Monte de Piedad
The priest Francisco Piquer, creator of Monte de Piedad, is born.
1667
France and Spain in War
Louis XIV of France declares war on Spain for the succession of Felipe IV.
1667
Jonathan Swift
Writer Jonathan Swift (“Gulliver´s travels”) is born in Ireland.
1681
Calderón de la Barca Dies
The Playwright Calderón de la Barca from “The mayor Zalamea”, Life is a dream”… dies.
1681
Louis XIV sends aid to Ireland
King Louis XIV of France sends an aid expedition to James II of Ireland.
1939
Spanish Civil War ends
The National side defeats the republican side.
1685
University of Bogotá
The Dominican Cristóbal Torres creates the University del Rosario in Bogotá (Colombia).
1685
Charles II Dies
King Charles II of England dies converting to Catholicism.
1689
Blas de Lezo
The Hero of the Spanish Army Blas de Lezo is Born in Guipuzcoa.
1689
James II arrives in Ireland
The Catholic former King of England James II disembarks in Ireland.
1690
Spain in War with France
Spain goes to war with France.
1690
Battle of the Boyne
William of Orange defeats the Catholics.
1697
Spain-France Peace Treaty
Peace Treaty between France and Spain. Haiti is yielded.
1694
Laws against Catholics
New Laws prohibit burials in Catholic cemeteries and command the exile of all priests.
1700
First Bourbon King
First Bourbon King in Spain, Felipe de Anjou.
1700
Pennal Laws
Catholics cannot buy land.
1704
Gibraltar Occupation
English and Dutch troops occupy Gibraltar.
1704
New Laws
New criminal Laws against land ownership by Irish Catholics.
1721
National Products
Decree of Felipe V oredering his vassals to only buy national cloths and silks.
1722
Boycott on English Products
Jonathan Swift incites a Boycott on English products.
1727
No Right to vote
Catholics have no right to vote.
1742
Spanish Caribbean under attack
An English fleet attacks the Spanish port of Guaira in the Caribbean.
1742
“Messiah”
Handels´s “Messiah” is first played in public in Dublin.
1753
Canal de Castilla
Construction of the Canal de Castilla begins. To transfer the grain of Castile to the ports of the North of Spain.
1753
Saint Patrick´s Day
St. Patrick´s Day is celebrated for the first time on March 17 in Boston (USA).
1759
Carlos III King of Spain
Carlos III accepts the Spanish throne.
1759
Guinness
Arthur Guinness buys a distillery in Dublin and starts brewing its stout.
1763
Burgos Cathedral
The building of Burgos Cathedral is completed.
1776
Wolf Tone is Born
Irish Rebel Wolfe Tone is Born.
1776
Sisters of the Presentation
Nano Nagle founds the Sisters of the Pesentation. Back when it was a crime for a catholic to teach.
1779
siege of Gibraltar
Spain in war against England supporting the independence of the United States. Spain Besieges Gibraltar.
1780
Sheeps in Ireland
Sheeps are introduced into Ireland from Scotland.
1785
Spanish Flag
The red and yellow flag is appointed as the official Spanish Flag.
1785
Self defense groups
Ulster Catholic farmers group together in the secret society “The Defenders”.
1796
French fleet defeat
French fleet led by Wolfe Tone fails.
1801
Battle of Algeciras
Spain and France against the English.
1801
Union Act
The Parliament of Ireland is moved to England. Originating the Union Jack.
1803
Balmis Expedition
Balmis Expedition against smallpox, which will take the cure to spanish America and the Philippines.
1803
Robert Emmet Hanged
The Irish Nationalist leader Robert Emmet, is hanged.
1808
2nd of May. Spanish Uprising
Spanish Popular uprising against the French invasion.
1808
The veto of Controversy
The Veto of Controversy prevents Catholics from being appointed to bishop vacancies.
1812
La Pepa
The First Spanish Constitution (La Pepa) is created.
1812
Martello Towers
The English build the “Martello” towers to protect the ports from the French.
1818
Casa de la Beneficencia
General Carlos O´Donell founds the Casa de la Beneficencia in Valladolid.
1832
Uprising in Granja
Uprising in Granja (Segovia) by the Carlist suitors against King Fernando VII.
1832
Cholera Epidemic
Cholera epidemic in Ireland.
1837
New Constitution 1837
New Spanish constitution, with peaceful alternations of political parties and parlamentary monarchy.
1843
First Railways
First railways in Ireland.
1845
Narvaez´s Constitution
A conservative constitution is created.
1845
Great Famine
More than One Million dead and exiled Irish people.
1847
First Spanish Railway
The First Spanish railway is created.
1847
Irish Emigration
Massive emigration of Irish people to the USA, Canada and Australia.
1858
Norte Railway Company
“Norte” Railway Company of Spain is created.
1858
Fenian Movement
The Fenian pro-irish Movement is born.
1859
Spanish-Moroccan war
General O´Donell.
1859
The Fenians
“The Fenians” an equivalent to the IRB (Irish Republican Brotherhood) are created in New York.
1865
O´Donell President
O´Donell becomes the President of the Council of Ministers of Spain.
1865
Saint Patrick´s Cathedral
St Patrick´s Cathedral in Dublin is restored with the financial help of Benjamin Lee Guinness.
